MEAN
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Mean (m&ē;n), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Meant (mĕnt); p. pr. & vb. n. Meaning.] [OE. menen, AS. m&aē_;nan to recite, tell, intend, wish; akin to OS. m&ē;nian to have in mind, mean, D. meenen, G. meinen, OHG. meinan, Icel. meina, Sw. mena, Dan. mene, and to E. mind. √104. See Mind, and cf. Moan.] 1. To have in the mind, as a purpose, intention, etc.; to intend; to purpose; to design; as, what do you mean to do?
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What mean ye by this service ?
Ex. xii. 26.
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Ye thought evil against me; but God meant it unto good.
Gen. 1. 20.
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I am not a Spaniard
To say that it is yours and not to mean it.
Longfellow.
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2. To signify; to indicate; to import; to denote.
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What mean these seven ewe lambs ?
Gen. xxi. 29.
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Go ye, and learn what that meaneth.
Matt. ix. 13.
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Mean, v. i. To have a purpose or intention. [Rare, except in the phrase to mean well, or ill.] Shak.
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Mean (m&ē;n), a. [Compar. Meaner (m&ē;n"&etilde_;r); superl. Meanest.] [OE. mene, AS. m&aē_;ne wicked; akin to m&ā;n, a., wicked, n., wickedness, OS. m&ē;n wickedness, OHG. mein, G. meineid perjury, Icel. mein harm, hurt, and perh. to AS. gem&aē_;ne common, general, D. gemeen, G. gemein, Goth. gamáins, and L. communis. The AS. gem&aē_;ne prob. influenced the meaning.]
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1. Destitute of distinction or eminence; common; low; vulgar; humble. “Of mean parentage.” Sir P. Sidney.
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The mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself.
Is. ii. 9.
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2. Wanting dignity of mind; low-minded; base; destitute of honor; spiritless; as, a mean motive.
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Can you imagine I so mean could prove,
To save my life by changing of my love ?
Dryden.
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3. Of little value or account; worthy of little or no regard; contemptible; despicable.
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The Roman legions and great Cæsar found
Our fathers no mean foes.
J. Philips.
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4. Of poor quality; as, mean fare.
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5. Penurious; stingy; close-fisted; illiberal; as, mean hospitality.
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&hand_; Mean is sometimes used in the formation of compounds, the sense of which is obvious without explanation; as, meanborn, mean-looking, etc.
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Syn. -- Base; ignoble; abject; beggarly; wretched; degraded; degenerate; vulgar; vile; servile; menial; spiritless; groveling; slavish; dishonorable; disgraceful; shameful; despicable; contemptible; paltry; sordid. See Base.
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Mean, a. [OE. mene, OF. meiien, F. moyen, fr. L. medianus that is in the middle, fr. medius; akin to E. mid. See Mid.] 1. Occupying a middle position; middle; being about midway between extremes.
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Being of middle age and a mean stature.
Sir. P. Sidney.
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2. Intermediate in excellence of any kind.
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According to the fittest style of lofty, mean, or lowly.
Milton.
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3. (Math.) Average; having an intermediate value between two extremes, or between the several successive values of a variable quantity during one cycle of variation; as, mean distance; mean motion; mean solar day.
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Mean distance (of a planet from the sun) (Astron.), the average of the distances throughout one revolution of the planet, equivalent to the semi-major axis of the orbit. -- Mean error (Math. Phys.), the average error of a number of observations found by taking the mean value of the positive and negative errors without regard to sign. -- Mean-square error, or Error of the mean square (Math. Phys.), the error the square of which is the mean of the squares of all the errors; -- called also, mean square deviation, mean error. -- Mean line. (Crystallog.) Same as Bisectrix. -- Mean noon, noon as determined by mean time. -- Mean proportional (between two numbers) (Math.), the square root of their product. -- Mean sun, a fictitious sun supposed to move uniformly in the equator so as to be on the meridian each day at mean noon. -- Mean time, time as measured by an equable motion, as of a perfect clock, or as reckoned on the supposition that all the days of the year are of a mean or uniform length, in contradistinction from apparent time, or that actually indicated by the sun, and from sidereal time, or that measured by the stars.
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Mean, n. 1. That which is mean, or intermediate, between two extremes of place, time, or number; the middle point or place; middle rate or degree; mediocrity; medium; absence of extremes or excess; moderation; measure.
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But to speak in a mean, the virtue of prosperity is temperance; the virtue of adversity is fortitude.
Bacon.
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There is a mean in all things.
Dryden.
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The extremes we have mentioned, between which the wellinstracted Christian holds the mean, are correlatives.
I. Taylor.
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2. (Math.) A quantity having an intermediate value between several others, from which it is derived, and of which it expresses the resultant value; usually, unless otherwise specified, it is the simple average, formed by adding the quantities together and dividing by their number, which is called an arithmetical mean. A geometrical mean is the nth root of the product of the n quantities being averaged.
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3. That through which, or by the help of which, an end is attained; something tending to an object desired; intermediate agency or measure; necessary condition or coagent; instrument.
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Their virtuous conversation was a mean to work the conversion of the heathen to Christ.
Hooker.
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You may be able, by this mean, to review your own scientific acquirements.
Coleridge.
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Philosophical doubt is not an end, but a mean.
Sir W. Hamilton.
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&hand_; In this sense the word is usually employed in the plural form means, and often with a singular attribute or predicate, as if a singular noun.
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By this means he had them more at vantage.
Bacon.
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What other means is left unto us.
Shak.
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4. pl. Hence: Resources; property, revenue, or the like, considered as the condition of easy livelihood, or an instrumentality at command for effecting any purpose; disposable force or substance.
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Your means are very slender, and your waste is great.
Shak.
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5. (Mus.) A part, whether alto or tenor, intermediate between the soprano and base; a middle part. [Obs.]
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The mean is drowned with your unruly base.
Shak.
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6. Meantime; meanwhile. [Obs.] Spenser.
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7. A mediator; a go-between. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
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He wooeth her by means and by brokage.
Chaucer.
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By all means, certainly; without fail; as, go, by all means. -- By any means, in any way; possibly; at all.
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Phil. iii. ll.
[1913 Webster]-- By no means, or By no manner of means, not at all; certainly not; not in any degree.
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Addison.
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